3 Minute 3Rs podcast

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A tartalmat a LabAnimal, The NC3Rs, The North American 3Rs Collaborative, and Lab Animal biztosítja. Az összes podcast-tartalmat, beleértve az epizódokat, grafikákat és podcast-leírásokat, közvetlenül a LabAnimal, The NC3Rs, The North American 3Rs Collaborative, and Lab Animal vagy a podcast platform partnere tölti fel és biztosítja. Ha úgy gondolja, hogy valaki az Ön engedélye nélkül használja fel a szerzői joggal védett művét, kövesse az itt leírt folyamatot https://hu.player.fm/legal.

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Black Mirror Season 7 28:30

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We're trying something different this week: a full post-show breakdown of every episode in the latest season of Black Mirror! Ari Romero is joined by Tudum's Black Mirror expert, Keisha Hatchett, to give you all the nuance, the insider commentary, and the details you might have missed in this incredible new season. Plus commentary from creator & showrunner Charlie Brooker! SPOILER ALERT: We're talking about the new season in detail and revealing key plot points. If you haven't watched yet, and you don't want to know what happens, turn back now! You can watch all seven seasons of Black Mirror now in your personalized virtual theater . Follow Netflix Podcasts and read more about Black Mirror on Tudum.com .…

3 Minute 3Rs

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3 Minute 3Rs is your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research, brought to you by the NC3Rs, the North American 3Rs Collaborative, and Lab Animal.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

64 epizódok

#Science #LabAnimal #The editors of LabAnimal #3 Minutes

3 Minute 3Rs

updated 2 éve

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3 Minute 3Rs is your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research, brought to you by the NC3Rs, the North American 3Rs Collaborative, and Lab Animal.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

64 epizódok

#Science #LabAnimal #The editors of LabAnimal #3 Minutes

Minden epizód

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Assessing enrichment, consolidating animal research guidance and understanding mouse aggression 4:25

2 years4:25

4:25

February 2023 The papers behind the pod: Hobbiesiefken U et al . (2023). Rating enrichment items by female group-housed laboratory mice in multiple binary choice tests using an RFID-based tracking system. PloS one 18(1): e0278709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278709 Petkov C et al . (2022). Unified ethical principles and an animal research ‘Helsinki’ declaration as foundations for international collaboration. Current Research in Neurobiology 3:100060. doi: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100060 Weber E et al . (2023). Aggression in Group-Housed Male Mice: A Systematic Review. Animals 13(1):143. doi: 10.3390/ani13010143 It’s the third Thursday of February and you’re listening to the final episode of 3 minute 3Rs, recapping the latest efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-february-2023-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Replacing animal-derived reagents, simulating in utero microinjections and clicker training for mouse gait assessment 4:35

2 years4:35

4:35

January 2023 The papers behind the pod: Cassotta M et al . (2022). A worldwide survey on the use of animal-derived materials and reagents in scientific experimentation. Engineering in Life Sciences 22(9):561-604. doi: 10.1002/elsc.202100167 Nuber M et al . (2022). Development of a 3D simulator for training the mouse in utero electroporation. PLOS One 17(12): e0279004. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279004 Dickmann J et al. (2022). Clicker Training Mice for Improved Compliance in the Catwalk Test. Animals 12(24): 3545. doi: 10.3390/ani12243545 Happy New Year to all 3 Minute 3Rs listeners. It’s 2023, and we’re back with three more papers highlighting efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-january-2023-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Kidney organoid vascularisation, implementing masking and quantitatively assessing experiment severity 4:28

2 years4:28

4:28

December 2022 The papers behind the pod: Menéndez ABC et al . (2022). Creating a kidney organoid-vasculature interaction model using a novel organ-on-chip system. Scientific Reports 12:20699. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24945-5 Karp N et al. (2022). A qualitative study of the barriers to using blinding in in vivo experiments and suggestions for improvement. PLOS Biology 20(11): e3001873. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001873 Talbot S et al . (2022). RELSA—A multidimensional procedure for the comparative assessment of well-being and the quantitative determination of severity in experimental procedures. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 9:937711. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.937711 It’s the third Thursday of December, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. To round off 2022 we are highlighting a paper for each R. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-december-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Assessing pain, living systematic reviews and inducing focal hypoxia in human neurons 4:28

2 years4:28

4:28

November 2022 The papers behind the pod: Aulehner K et al . (2022). Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats—A systematic review. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 9:930005. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.930005 Hair K et al . (2022). ‘Living’ evidence frameworks for in vivo animal research: towards translational evidence-based medicine. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 2022;27:A17. doi: 10.1136/ebm-2022-EBMLive.31 Wong J et al . (2022). Electrochemically induced in vitro focal hypoxia in human neurons. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 10:968341. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968341 It’s the third Thursday of November, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-november-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Statistical planning, human cell cultures for toxoplasma and preventing boredom in laboratory rodents 4:05

3 years4:05

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October 2022 The papers behind the pod: Piper, SK et al. (2022). Statistical review of animal trials—A guideline. Biometrical Journal https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.202200061 Gargaté MJ et al. (2022). Parallel Propagation of Toxoplasma gondii In Vivo, In Vitro and in Alternate Model: Towards Less Dependence on the Mice Model. Pathogens https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11091038 Mieske P et al. et al. (2022). Bored at home?—A systematic review on the effect of environmental enrichment on the welfare of laboratory rats and mice. Frontiers in Veterinary Science https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.899219 It’s the third Thursday of October, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. This month we have a paper on each R. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-october-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Larger species refinement special: improving the welfare of rabbits, non-human primates and sheep 4:40

3 years4:40

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September 2022 The papers behind the pod: Pinho RH et al. (2022). Validation of the rabbit pain behaviour scale (RPBS) to assess acute postoperative pain in rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ). PLoS ONE 17(5): e0268973. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268973 Stull C, Heagerty A and Coleman K (2022). Video Conference Technology as a Tool for Pair Introduction in Rhesus Macaques. Animals 12(14): e1783. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141783 Zentrich E et al. (2022). Postoperative Severity Assessment in Sheep. European Surgical Research , in press. https://doi.org/10.1159/000526058 It’s the third Thursday of September, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. This month we’re focusing on refinements for working with three different non-rodent species. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-september-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Better behavioural research, imaging with microbots and how housing density affects mouse microbiomes 4:21

3 years4:21

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August 2022 The papers behind the pod: Arjmand S et al. (2022). Tips and traps for behavioural animal experimentation. Acta Neuropsychiatrica , in press. https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2022.4 Wrede P et al. (2022). Real-time 3D optoacoustic tracking of cell-sized magnetic microrobots circulating in the mouse brain vasculature. Science Advances 8(19). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm9132 Russell A et al. (2022). Reduced housing density improves statistical power of murine gut microbiota studies. Cell Reports 39(6): e110783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110783 It’s the third Thursday of August, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-august-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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3Rs Prize: A benchtop organ-on-a-chip fabrication method and an ex vivo model of focal demyelination 4:12

3 years4:12

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July 2022 The papers behind the pod: Ferreira DA et al . (2021). Alternative to Soft Lithography for the Fabrication of Organ-on-a-Chip Elastomeric-Based Devices and Microactuators. Advanced Science 8:2003273. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202003273 Eigel D et al . (2019). Cryogel scaffolds for regionally constrained delivery of lysophosphatidylcholine to central nervous system slice cultures: A model of focal demyelination for multiple sclerosis research. Acta Biomaterialia 97:216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.030 It’s the third Thursday of July, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. This month, we’ve got a special double feature highlighting the publications commended in the International 3Rs Prize, awarded by the NC3Rs and sponsored by GSK. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-july-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Humane intervention points, virtual gene knockout and ex vivo brain slices for Parkinson's research 4:05

3 years4:05

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June 2022 The papers behind the pod: Williams WO and Baneux P (2022). Humane Intervention Points: Refining endpoint terminology to incorporate non-euthanasia intervention options to improve animal welfare and preserve experimental outcomes. Laboratory Animals , in press. https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772221090801 Osorio D et al. (2022). scTenifoldKnk: An efficient virtual knockout tool for gene function predictions via single-cell gene regulatory network perturbation. Patterns 3(3): e100434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2022.100434 Moudio S et al. (2022). Exposure of α-Synuclein Aggregates to Organotypic Slice Cultures Recapitulates Key Molecular Features of Parkinson's Disease. Frontiers in Neurology 13: e826102. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.826102 It’s the third Thursday of June, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-june-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Microbrains for neurotoxicity testing, improved experimental design, and post-op severity assessment 4:26

3 years4:26

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May 2022 The papers behind the pod: Wang, Q et al. (2022). Assessment of a 3D neural spheroid model to detect pharmaceutical-induced neurotoxicity. ALTEX 39. https://doi.org/10.14573/altex.2112221 Reynolds P.S. (2022) Between two stools: preclinical research, reproducibility, and statistical design of experiments. BMC Res. Notes 15 , 73. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-022-05965-w Tappe-Theodor, A. et al. (2022) The “WWHow” Concept for Prospective Categorization of Post-operative Severity Assessment in Mice and Rats. Front. Vet. Sci. 9, 841431. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.841431 It’s the third Thursday of May, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. This month, we’re bringing you a paper for each R. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-may-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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How environment and experimenter affect reproducibility, ex vivo adipocytes, and rodent enrichment 4:27

3 years4:27

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April 2022 The papers behind the pod: Nigri M et al. (2022). Role of Environment and Experimenter in Reproducibility of Behavioral Studies With Laboratory Mice. Frontiers in Behavioural Neuroscience 16: e835444. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.835444 Vámos A et al. (2022) Mitophagy Mediates the Beige to White Transition of Human Primary Subcutaneous Adipocytes Ex Vivo . Pharmaceuticals 15(3): 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15030363 Ratuski AS and Weary DM (2022) Environmental Enrichment for Rats and Mice Housed in Laboratories: A Metareview. Animals 12(4): 414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12040414 It’s the third Thursday of April, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. This month, we’re highlighting three papers focusing on replacement. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-april-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Replacement methods for drug development, toxicology testing and cardiovascular research 4:24

3 years4:24

4:24

The papers behind the pod: 1. Baran SW et al. (2022). Perspectives on the Evaluation and Adoption of Complex In Vitro Models in Drug Development: Workshop with the FDA and the Pharmaceutical Industry (IQ MPS Affiliate). ALTEX, in press. https://doi.org/10.14573/altex.2112203 2. Borba JVB et al. (2022) STopTox: An in Silico Alternative to Animal Testing for Acute Systemic and Topical Toxicity. Environmental Health Perspectives 130(2). https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9341 3. van der Velden J et al. (2022) Animal models and animal-free innovations for cardiovascular research: current status and routes to be explored. Consensus document of the ESC working group on myocardial function and the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovascular Research, in press. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab370 It’s the third Thursday of March, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. This month, we’re highlighting three papers focusing on replacement. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-march-2022-transcript Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Issues with conventional rodent housing, playpens for rats, and using sleep to assess welfare 4:21

3 years4:21

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February https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-021-01184-0 https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772211065920 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04502-2 It’s the 3rd Thursday of February, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs. This month, we’re bringing you 3 refinement papers. Let’s start with rodent housing. Research rodents are conventionally housed in shoebox sized cages that limit their ability to perform natural behaviors such as nesting and burrowing. These restrictions are known to impair welfare, but could they even increase disease risk and shorten lifespans? A new meta-analysis compares the morbidity and mortality of rodents in conventional vs enriched housing. Conventional housing was found to significantly worsen disease severity for cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, anxiety, and depression. Conventional housing also increased all-cause mortality. In conclusion, conventional housing appears to be distressing enough to compromise rodent health in a biologically significant manner. This lends more evidence to the importance of refining rodent housing for ethical, validity, and translational reasons. To learn more, read the full paper online. Sticking with the rodent theme, if you work with rats, you might find standard cages don’t provide enough room for a fully enriched environment – one where rats can socialize, exercise and express natural behaviours. If larger cages are not currently an option, two solutions with increasing research to back them up are playpens and ball pits, the focus of a recent paper in LA. Justyna Hinchcliffe et al. describe using 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalisations as an objective, quantifiable measure of how rats responded to ball pits and playpens. They found that these vocalisations were more frequent for rats exposed to the enriched environments, when compared with control conditions. They also tested the effect of playpens and ball pits on rats given an aversive drug treatment, finding that exposure to these environments reduced its negative impact. Besides the important welfare benefits of environmental enrichment, there are also scientific benefits in the shape of reduced variability and therefore more reliable results. With new evidence supporting the use of playpens for rats to minimize stress, there has never been a better time to try them out in your facility. And finally, let’s see how sleep could be a helpful tool to help us track laboratory animal welfare. In humans, sleep quality is strongly related to a person’s well-being and recent research suggests the same may be true in laboratory animals, such as dogs. If this is the case, sleep quality may then be useful as a non-invasive measure of animal welfare. A study in Sci. Rep. examined this hypothesis further using an observational approach to characterize sleeping patterns in laboratory dogs and investigate the effects of sleep quality on their daily behaviors. Male and female adult dogs housed in kennels in Brazil were recorded during a continuous 24-h, five-day assessment period. The footage was then analysed for daytime behaviours and sleeping metrics, such as number of sleep bouts and their duration. The study showed that the dogs slept far less than reported previously in the literature and during the day they were less active, ate more, played less and were less alert. Alterations of these daytime behaviors as a result of loss of sleep may indicate compromised welfare highlighting appropriate measures should be taken to ensure lab dogs’ sleep quality and welfare. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Reproducibility in cancer biology, training rats for refined fMRI, and playpens for mice 4:17

3 years4:17

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The papers behind the pod: 1. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.71601 & https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.67995 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.805679 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98356-3 It’s the 3rd Thursday of January – happy new year! You’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Of course, we focus on those three Rs, but many have suggested adding a fourth R to the list: reproducibility. Designing experiments with reproducibility in mind is a key aspect of reducing unnecessary animal use, as well as being good for advancing science. In 2013 the Center of Open Science and Science Exchange began a collaboration to investigate the reproducibility of 193 experiments from 50 high-impact cancer biology papers. Over eight years of repeated experiments, they found that they could only reproduce 50 experiments from 23 papers, generally due to a lack of detail about the methods used or resources being unavailable. 15 of those 50 repeated experiments used animals, and while just over half of them at least partially confirmed the original results, the repeated results were not always statistically significant. Experimental design was also an issue: only one of the original animal experiments used randomization and none used blinding or calculated a sample size before the study began. Papers describing these results are now available in eLife, with all the relevant data available on the Open Science Framework website and more Replication Studies to come from this collaboration. As the reproducibility crisis continues to rumble on, why not check them out and put designing more robust experiments at the top of your agenda? Next, let’s look at how training rats can help make fMRI a less stressful experience. Functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI is a powerful non-invasive procedure that is used to assess brain function and connectivity. However, fMRI research in animals is often confounded due to the physical restraint and loud noises that occur during recordings as these induce stress which can alter information processing and cognition. An article from Frontiers in Neuroscience describes a protocol for habituating rats to fMRI that also avoids the need for surgical head restraint. Rats were gradually trained via 18 sessions over 3 weeks beginning with basic handling phase. After following this protocol, fMRIs in awake rats were successfully conducted without inducing increased stress and still achieving stable images with very low motion artifacts. To learn more about this rat refinement, read the full paper online. Finally, playpens for mice – could they be a viable option for refinement when home cage space is limited? Good environmental enrichment improves the quality of life for laboratory mice by providing increased opportunities to carry out natural behaviours such as running, climbing and burrowing. However, due to space requirements, cost and sanitation constraints many facilities worldwide still use standard housing, which has been associated with potential welfare problems. In their publication in Scientific Reports, Ratuski et al show temporary access to playpens could be an effective method to provide mice housed in standard cages with space and structures to facilitate natural behaviors. In this study, female mice were given access to playpens three times a week for several weeks. Mice in the playpens were more active, compared to mice in conventional cages and over time, the animals entered the playpen more quickly and showed increased anticipatory behaviors before accessing the playpen. All indicating the mice found access to playpens rewarding. Want to learn more? Follow the link in the description. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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Refining anaesthesia and euthanasia for zebrafish and mice 4:38

3 years4:38

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Sedation is necessary for zebrafish during procedures such as imaging, biopsy, and surgery to ensure animal welfare and high-quality science. But the effects of sedation can last beyond the administration period and should also be carefully considered. A paper by Gressler et al. explores the use of eugenol and propofol during a 3-hour sedation and their subsequent effects after a 1 hour washout period. Both drugs had effects on behavior and physiology even after the washout period. For behavior, in a novel tank test, eugenol was found to amplify diving response while propofol induced anti-anxiety responses. For physiology, both drugs caused alterations in gill structure. Clearly, as with other species, sedation of zebrafish can significantly affect behavior and physiology beyond the administration period. Therefore, sedation procedures must be carefully designed and reported to refine experiments. Read more: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105482 Next, let’s look at euthanasia, an important consideration for any animal study, and those involving zebrafish are no exception. Despite zebrafish being widely used in research, there is no consensus on which method to use when euthanizing them. The most commonly-used method – an overdose of tricaine, or MS-222 – is versatile, readily available and, in fact, is the only legal option in some areas, but it is now known to be aversive. A new paper by von Krogh et al. describes work to address this discrepancy. The team screened overdoses of 7 common alternative anaesthetics dissolved in water, to determine whether they led adult zebrafish to lose reflexes in a rapid, reliable, and non-aversive manner. Other substances were used to buffer the anaesthetics where needed, adjusting the water pH to reduce irritation. The authors found adding 1g/L lidocaine hydrochloride buffered with 2g/L sodium bicarbonate was particularly effective, reliably inducing loss of all reflexes within 2 mins and provoking little aversive behavior. Adding 50mL/L ethanol further reduced these issues. While the authors recommend this method, they also stress the importance of further investigation, including for zebrafish at different developmental stages. Read the paper: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10111133 Finally, let’s focus on mice and how researchers are working to ensure they are euthanized humanely. Gradual exposure to carbon dioxide remains the most common method for euthanising laboratory rodents. Although CO2 is generally considered an acceptable option when properly administered, there are concerns that CO2 is aversive to rodents and might cause distress and pain above certain concentrations. In a new study, Rodriguez-Sanchez and colleagues investigated using a voluntarily ingested sedative to reduce CO2 aversiveness. Cream cheese mixed with different doses of a rapid-acting anesthetic was provided to C57BL/6 mice before exposing the animals to CO2. Using a broad range of behavioural parameters, the team showed 20 mg/kg of sedative resulted in a mild sedation and likely reduced the aversiveness of CO2. While the investigators acknowledge more work is needed to determine the experience of the mice during sedation, they suggest voluntary oral administration of a sedative is potentially an effective, affordable, and easy way to minimise the stress of mice during CO2 euthanasia. Find out more: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102879 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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